Enter your Name:   Enter your E-mail Address:  Define the following terms: 01a. Mantle 01b. Radula 01c. Chitin 01d. Molting 01e. Cephalothorax 01f. Carapace 01g. Ambulacal groove 01h. Dorsal nerve cord 02. The organisms in the phylum Mollusca have a diverse array of body forms. What are two basic body parts that most members have in common? 03. Give an example of a gastropod, an example of a bivalve, and an example of a cephalopod. 04. Identify the structures in the clam illustration below: 05. In an aquarium, you find what appears to be a shrimp sitting among the plants and rocks, yet when you reach in to pick it up, you find that it is just an outer covering that is completely hollow. What must have happened? 06. Cleaner shrimp display the symbiosis of mutualism in the ocean. Explain this relationship and with what organisms the shrimp are involved. 07. Explain how most female crustaceans can hatch multiple batches of fertilized eggs even though they may not be near males often. 08. What is the importance of the water vascular system in the echinoderms? 09. At a marine acquarium tide pool tank, some children are taking turns holding a sea cucumber. They begin to play with it rather roughly, and suddenly a large amount of material is squirted out of the sea cucumber's body. What happened? Is the sea cucumber hurt? 10. Explain why sea cucumbers and sea urchins need long, coiled guts. 11. A biologist is examining some recenlty collected marine water under a microscope and notices some echinoderm gametes. She reasons that she had better study them closely now, because it will probably be a while before water from the same region will once again contain such gametes. Why is her reasoning likely to be correct? 12. What is the function of a notochord? Adult tunicates do not have a notochord. What feature performs the notochord's function in the adults? 13. Give two examples of organisms that are in phylum Chordata but are invertebrates. 14. In which phylum do you find each of the following and what is its function? 14a. radula 14b. exoskeleton 14c. water vascular system 14d. notochord