Exploring Creation Chemistry Module #15 Test
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01. Based on the following graph:
at approximately what time did this reaction reach equilibrium?
02. What does Le Chatelier's principle say?
03. What does the pH scale measure?
04. What is the acid ionization reaction for HNO
3
?
05. Based on the following graph:
at approximately what time was the equilibrium stressed?
06. Five solutions have the following pH:
Solution A: pH - 7.0
Solution B: pH - 9.1
Solution C: pH - 1.2
Solution D: pH = 14.0
Solution E: pH = 5.5
Which solutions contain b acids; which contain weak acids; which contain b bases; and which contain weak bases?
07. Five acids have the following pH in equal concentrations:
Acid A: pH = 6.8
Acid B: pH = 1.1
Acid C: pH = 2.1
Acid D: pH = 5.0
Acid E: pH = 4.5
Order the acids in terms of increasing ionization constants.
08. The following reaction:
2NOBr (g)
2NO (g) + Br
2
(g)
reached equilibrium when the concentrations were: [NOBr] = 0.10 M, [NO] = 0.10 M, and [Br
2
] = 0.0050M. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction?
09. A chemist knows that the equilibrium constant for
BaSO
3
(s)
BaO (s) + SO
2
(g)
is 0.345 M. What is the concentration of SO
2
when the reaction reaches equilibrium?
10. Three chemical equilibria are written below, along with their equilibrium constants. If any of these equations can be written with a single arrow, do so.
a. 2NO
2
(g) + Cl
2
(g)
2NOCl (g)
K = 3.7 x 10
4
1/M
b. 2SO
2
(g) + O
2
(g)
2SO
3
(g)
K = 0.63 1/M
c. N
2
O
4
2NO
2
K = 1.1 x 10
-5
M
11. A chemist is studying the following reaction:
SO
2
(g) + H
2
O (1)
H
2
SO
3
(aq)
K = 2.1 x 10
-3
She measures the concentrations of H
2
SO
3
and SO
2
and their concentrations are 0.23 M and 0.35 M, respectively. Is the reaction at equilibrium? If not, which way must the reaction shift to attain equilibrium?
12. Consider the following reaction that has reached equilibrium:
MgSO
3
(s) + H
2
O (l)
H
2
SO
3
(aq) + MgO (aq)
a. What will happen to the concentration of H
2
SO
3
if extra MgSO
3
is added?
b. What will happen to the amount of MgO if H
2
SO
3
is removed?
c. What will happen to the concentration of MgO if more H
2
O is added?
13. Consider the following reaction that has reached equilibrium:
N
2
(g) + 2O
2
(g)
2NO
2
(g) AH = 52.2 kJ
a. What will happen to the concentration of O
2
if the temperature is raised?
b. What will happen to the concentration of NO
2
if the pressure is raised?
c. What will happen to the concentration of N
2
is the pressure is lowered?
14. What is the equation for the acid ionization constant of HClO
2
?
15. What is the equation for the base ionization constant of CH
5
P?