Advanced Biology Module #1 Test
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Define the following terms:
01a. Physiology
01b. Histology
01c. Organ
01d. Selective permeability
01e. Endocytosis
02. Of the seven levels of organization we discussed, which would fall under a study of gross anatomy?
03. Identify the type of tissue that makes up the following:
03a. The spinal cord
03b. The lining of the larynx
03c. The biceps muscle
04. The level of Ca
2+
ions in the blood must be carefully regulated. Cells in the parathyroid gland monitor the Ca
2-
level. If the Ca
2+
level decreases, the parathyroid glands are stimulated to start producing more PTH, a hormone. When PTH hormone levels are elevated, the kidneys will increase the amount of Ca
2-
returned to the blood during the urine-making process. This results in an increase of Ca
2-
in the blood.
04a. Is this positive or negative feedback?
04b. What is the control center?
04c. What is the effector?
05. What organelle makes most of the ATP in the cell?
06. List the phases of mitosis in order.
07. How do small polar molecules, like water, enter a cell?
08. How do larger molecules, like carbohydrates, enter a cell?
09. How do very large molecules, like proteins, enter a cell?
10. A sodium ion travels from inside the cell to outside the cell. The cell uses ATP to make this happen. Where is the concentration of sodium ions greater: inside or outside the cell?
11. Is endocytosis an example of active or passive transport?